History of Mark Degree
It
must first be explained that "Great" differences are found in this
degree within Great Britain.
It
is conferred in all three countries. In Ireland it is governed by
the Grand Lodge of Ireland but I have no personal knowledge as to how
it is operated.
The
United Grand lodge of England is responsible for the Three Degrees in
Craft Masonry and the Royal Arch Degrees as well.
The Mark however
has its own Grand Mark Lodge and its own Grand Master, H.R.H. Prince
Michael of Kent.
This Grand lodge is
also responsible for Royal Ark
Mariner Lodges who are associated with Mark Lodges.
In
Scotland things are very different. From 1819 the degree was
contolled by
the Supreme Grand Royal Arch Chapter of Scotland until 1860 when, by
agreement, it was allowed to be worked in the Craft Lodges as well and
nowadays is almost always conferred in the craft
as an extension to
the Fellowcraft degree.
Strangely enough, the Royal Ark Mariner Degree is still governed by the SGRACand usually worked with the Degrees of the Captivity or the Red Cross of Babylon in a Lodge and Council.
The first record of the Mark Degree is found in the minutes of the Lodge of Aitchisons Haven and was conferred on the 28th December 1603. This ancient lodge became dormant in 1852.
The ceremony tells the same story in both Scotland and England with a few differences. In the English Ritual the candidate is first made a Mark Man before becoming a Mark Master Mason, whereas in Scotland there is little mention of such an action. In each Constitution the Degree is in two distinct parts and in the latter part the candidate chooses his Mark and receives his Mark Token.
Tokens
themselves have had a long and checkered history and were first white
metal Shekels. Which can still be obtained from some of the
Masonic suppliers. At a later date they were bronze tokens but there is
no
record of when this change occurred. When these were first adopted
they were the same for every Lodge
and thus became known as Standard
Tokens. Later on these same tokens appeared with the Lodges name and
number engraved or stamped on
them. In Scotland however they were
produced in several variations of design often with Thistles added to
the Mallet and Chisel. Over the years
many of the Lodges started
having their own unique tokens struck with a great variety of
designs, Often a Coat of arms or a lodge logo. On the
reverse side
were depicted the Keystone and the part of the legend of The Parable
of the Vineyard from The Book of Mathew in the New Testament.
“Every
Man Received a Penny” This has often raised eyebrows as it is the
only time the New Testament comes into Freemasonry.
But of course
the Order was very much a Christain orientated organization .
In
England, the standard token simply showed the Chisel and Mallet and
on the reverse all round the border was the Serpent eating its own
tail Thus representing the never
ending story. In England mark
Lodges tend to be rather small and it would be rather expensive for
them to all produce their own tokens. However a new
idea came to
being/ Each Provincial Mark Lodge started having its own token
struck and all the Lodges under its jurisdiction
could then use this
token. The first of these Tokens was struck by the Province of
Bedfordshire in 1985 and the idea soon caught on until now that at
least 23 English
Provinces have their own Mark. The number of
Individual lodges having their own mark has also increased and these
are now all very collectable.
A club for Token Collectors was formed in 1986 and has a world wide membership who exchange tokens among themselves . The club also operates a Sponsorship Scheme which gives financial assistance to lodges who wish to produce their own Tokens. The mark Token Collectors’ Club has their own Excellent and informative Website at http://www.elcic.com/harmony/index.htm
With the Provincial Token being a success it naturally followed that Scottish Provinces could follow suit and the first of these tokens was produced by Ayrshire, closely followed by Linlithgowshire and next was Stirlingshire.
Lodge Mark tokens over the years:

1930-1980 1980-Present 75th Anniversay (1994)

Provincial Grand Lodge of Linlithgowshire
Bro Ronnie Gemmill RWM